Policy 03: IRS to automate income tax filing.
Researched: 2026-07-22. Status: draft.
The plank
The process of requiring Americans to file their taxes exists because Intuit, H&R Block, and the accounting industry lobbied for it. Our time and money is being stolen.
README.md and app/templates/index.html agree verbatim on this plank — no drift. (Unrelated bug noted in passing: Policy 4's heading does drift between the two files — "Disintermediate" vs. "Separate" — flag for whoever researches that plank.)
One honesty note on the plank's own wording: filing requirements predate Intuit — the villain claim is precise for the last 25 years (the industry lobbied to keep filing painful and to block government-run alternatives, documented below), not for the 1913 origin of the 1040. In conversation, say "kept it this way," not "invented it."
The problem
Americans do a job the government could largely do for them, and pay twice for the privilege — once in time, once in fees.
- Per-person burden: The IRS's own estimate, printed in the Form 1040 instructions, is that the average individual filer spends 13 hours and $290 in out-of-pocket costs per return (tax year 2024; via NTU Foundation's 2025 analysis of IRS figures). Nonbusiness filers (71% of returns) average 8 hours and $160; filers with business income (29%) average 24 hours and $620 for TY2024, easing to 21 hours and $610 for TY2025 (NTU Foundation, Feb 2026, Table 2, compiled from the IRS taxpayer burden model). The TY2025 all-filer figure is 12 hours and $290.
- Aggregate burden: Tax Foundation, working from IRS/OMB paperwork-burden data, computes 7.9 billion hours of compliance time and $133.3 billion in out-of-pocket costs for 2024 — roughly $546 billion per year total when time is valued at market wages (Tax Foundation, 2024). NTU Foundation's comparable 2025 estimate is 7.1 billion hours and $464 billion. These are model estimates and the two organizations use different scopes — but both are derived from the government's own burden filings, and both exceed $400 billion/year.
- Scope warning — do not quote the aggregate as an income-tax figure. The 7.1bn/$464bn and 7.9bn/$546bn totals cover all federal tax compliance, including corporate and business returns. The figure for individual income tax filing alone — the actual subject of this plank — is 2.129 billion hours and $143.79 billion (NTU Foundation, Feb 2026, Table 1), cross-confirmed by Tax Foundation's 2.249 billion individual-return hours for the prior vintage. Using the all-compliance number for this plank overstates the relevant burden by ~3.4× and is the single error a hostile reporter is most likely to find. See
april/docs/math-lifetime-cost.md§0.2. - The "free" system fails the people it was built for: GAO found that about 70% of taxpayers were eligible for IRS Free File but fewer than 3% used it (GAO-22-105236, 2022). The gap is not an accident; see the villain section.
- How it shows up in ordinary life: a W-2 employee whose employer already reported her wages to the IRS, and whose bank already reported her interest, must either spend a weekend re-typing numbers the IRS already has, or pay TurboTax/H&R Block/a storefront preparer to do the re-typing. In 2022, all 50 state attorneys general concluded Intuit had steered roughly 4.4 million low-income customers who qualified for free filing into paid products between 2016 and 2018 ($141M multistate settlement, May 2022).
- Money left on the table: the IRS's long-standing estimate is that about 1 in 5 EITC-eligible workers fails to claim the credit (IRS EITC participation estimates; secondary, not re-verified this pass). Automated or pre-populated filing is the standard remedy proposed in the literature.
Who profits from the status quo
This section is factual and sourced; every figure below is public record (SEC filings, lobbying disclosures compiled by OpenSecrets, court settlements, government reports).
- Intuit (TurboTax). Consumer Group revenue $4.4 billion in fiscal 2024 (Intuit FY2024 results, Aug 2024).
- H&R Block. Total revenue $3.6 billion in fiscal 2024 (H&R Block FY24 results, Aug 2024).
- Lobbying spend (OpenSecrets, from federal lobbying disclosures):
- Combined Intuit + H&R Block federal lobbying: ~$103 million since 2003; over $20 million since 2023; a combined record $7.1 million in 2025 — the year Direct File was killed (OpenSecrets, April 2026; Fortune, April 2026).
- Intuit alone set a company record of ~$3.8 million in 2023; H&R Block spent over $3 million in 2023 (OpenSecrets, Feb 2024; OpenSecrets, Sept 2023).
- The Free File bargain (2002–2019): under the Free File Alliance memorandum of understanding, the industry offered "free" filing to lower-income taxpayers and, in exchange, the IRS agreed not to build its own filing software — a government promise not to compete, held in place for 17 years. ProPublica's 2019 "TurboTax Trap" series showed Intuit (and four other Alliance members) added
noindex,nofollowcode to hide their genuinely-free pages from search engines while advertising paid products as "free" (ProPublica series, 2019; IRS-funded MITRE review confirming the hiding, 2019). The non-compete clause was removed in a December 2019 addendum; H&R Block quit the Alliance in 2020 and Intuit in 2021. - Legal consequences: the $141 million 50-state settlement (May 2022) over deceptive "free" marketing; an FTC final order (January 2024) finding Intuit's "free" advertising deceptive (Fortune, Jan 2024). Caveat we must carry honestly: the Fifth Circuit reportedly vacated and remanded the FTC order in March 2026 (reported in a legal summary; unverified — check before publishing). The state settlement is unaffected.
- California precedent: when Stanford tax professor Joe Bankman helped the state pilot ReadyReturn (2005) — pre-filled state returns — Intuit spent over $1 million lobbying in Sacramento and gave $2.12 million to 120 California politicians (2005–2010) to kill it (Priceonomics/LA Times account; NPR Planet Money "Tax Hero," 2017). Bankman personally spent ~$30,000 hiring a lobbyist to defend it. ReadyReturn survived only in reduced form (CalFile), used by roughly 80,000 Californians a year.
- The kill itself: the Trump administration announced the end of Direct File in April 2025, cut its staff ~80%, halted development in mid-March 2025, and the IRS told states on November 3, 2025 that Direct File "will not be available" for the 2026 season (Marketplace, Nov 2025; Nextgov/FCW, Nov 2025). Users were redirected to "Free File" — software supplied by the same industry (Public Citizen, 2025).
The proposal, concretely
Three stages, each already proven somewhere:
- Restore and codify Direct File (statute, not agency discretion). The vehicle exists: the Direct File Act of 2026 (Sen. Warren / Rep. Sherman, 160+ cosponsors, introduced March 2026) directs the IRS to establish and operate a free online preparation and e-filing program (Warren press release, March 2026). This reverses the November 2025 suspension and supersedes the OBBBA §70607 "replacement" track (P.L. 119-21, which appropriated $15 million to study a public-private replacement).
- Pre-populate. The IRS already receives W-2s, 1099s, 1098s, and 1095s. Stage two loads them into Direct File so the taxpayer reviews and confirms rather than re-types — Goolsbee's 2006 "Simple Return" design (Brookings, 2006). Treasury's own economists showed 66–75 million returns (42–48% of all returns) could be pre-populated accurately today using only current-year information returns plus the prior-year return (Goodman, Lim, Sacerdote & Whitten, NBER w30008, 2022; published National Tax Journal, 2023).
- Return-free for the simplest cases. For taxpayers whose entire income is third-party-reported, the confirmed pre-populated return is the filing — the model used, in some form, in roughly 36 countries (Tax Policy Center briefing book): Sweden and other Nordics send a completed draft that can be approved by text message; Spain's Renta Web presents a full pre-drafted return; Estonia's filing famously takes minutes; Japan handles most employees through employer year-end adjustment (nenmatsu chōsei) so they never file at all.
Supporting plumbing: keep information-return deadlines early (W-2s are already due January 31), expand e-filing mandates for payers, and preserve paid preparers and self-filing for anyone who wants them — every serious version of this proposal, from Goolsbee to Direct File, is opt-in.
Evidence
- Direct File pilot, 2024 (12 states): 140,803 accepted returns against a 100,000 goal; $90M in refunds claimed; ~$5.6M in preparation fees saved; the IRS after-action survey found 90%+ of users rated the experience Excellent or Above Average (IRS pilot closeout, April 2024; IRS Pub. 5969 after-action report, 2024). The 94%-positive figure widely quoted (e.g., by Sen. Warren) comes from the same survey family.
- Direct File, 2025 (25 states): 296,531 accepted returns, with 30+ million taxpayers eligible (TIGTA, "Direct File Activity for the 2025 Filing Season," March 2026). Actual FY2025 cost was $16 million versus the IRS's $61.2 million estimate — the watchdog found the IRS over-estimated by $45 million (FedScoop, 2026); note TIGTA also found some support-function costs (≈$8.8M of detailee and authentication costs in the pilot year) were excluded from IRS totals, so treat all cost figures as ±.
- Goolsbee, "The Simple Return" (Brookings, 2006): up to 40% of taxpayers could receive pre-filled returns, saving ~225 million hours and >$2 billion/year in prep fees; ~$44 billion of burden reduction over ten years for the eligible group.
- Goodman, Lim, Sacerdote & Whitten (NBER 2022 / NTJ 2023): nationally representative simulation on TY2019 returns; 42–48% pre-populatable accurately; accuracy falls with income and with number of dependents. This is the best evidence for stage 2 and the honest bound against overpromising stage 3.
- California ReadyReturn (2005–): pilot users overwhelmingly approved (satisfaction ~98% in state survey — commonly cited, not independently re-verified); the program was throttled by lobbying, not by user experience (Priceonomics).
- International: ~36 countries operate return-free or pre-populated systems for at least some taxpayers (Tax Policy Center); by 2020 roughly three-quarters of OECD members pre-filled returns with at least some income data (TPC briefing book).
Strength of evidence: moderate-to-strong. Strong that automation works technically and that users love it (two US filing seasons, one state program, dozens of countries). Moderate on the aggregate dollar savings (model-based). The weakest link is not evidence but durability: the US version was killed by politics twice (ReadyReturn, Direct File), which is itself evidence for the plank's villain claim.
Who wins, who loses
| Group | Effect | Size |
|---|---|---|
| Simple filers (W-2/standard deduction) | Winners: hours → minutes; $0 fees | 66–75M returns pre-populatable today (Goodman et al., 2022); 30M+ were Direct File-eligible in 2025 |
| EITC/CTC-eligible non-claimants | Winners: automation raises take-up of ~$12B/yr in unclaimed credits (Economic Security Project estimate via Warren one-pager; advocacy estimate) | ~1 in 5 EITC-eligible workers (IRS estimate) |
| All taxpayers (time + fees) | Winners | Up to $23B/year in fees, time, and unclaimed credits at full scale (ESP/Warren estimate — advocacy figure, flag as such; the sourced floor is $5.6M saved by just 140,803 pilot users) |
| Intuit shareholders | Losers on the simple-filer segment | Consumer Group = $4.4B revenue FY2024; the simplest returns are the highest-margin slice |
| H&R Block (retail + DIY) | Losers | $3.6B revenue FY2024; tens of thousands of seasonal tax-pro jobs (company reports ~60,000+ seasonal preparers — unverified, check 10-K) |
| Storefront/franchise preparers (Jackson Hewitt, Liberty, independents) | Losers, gradually | Industry employment figure not verified this pass; seasonal, low-wage, concentrated in low-income neighborhoods — the transition pain lands on workers, not executives |
| CPAs / enrolled agents | Largely unaffected | Complex returns (business income, itemizers) stay out of scope for years |
| Complex filers | No change | Majority of returns are not accurately pre-populatable today (52–58%, Goodman et al.) |
Compensation mechanism: none proposed. Be honest about this: the plank offers tax-prep workers nothing. The mitigation is pace — scope grows over years, attrition in a seasonal workforce is high, and preparers can migrate up-market — but that is mitigation, not compensation. Historical analogy: e-filing killed the typewriter-and-carbon-paper return industry without a compensation program either.
Fiscal impact
No CBO or JCT score of the Direct File Act exists as of this writing; everything below is agency-reported cost data plus labeled back-of-envelope.
- Government cost: IRS's May 2023 report to Congress (required by IRA §10301) estimated a mature Direct File at $64M/year (5M users, narrow scope) to $249M/year (25M users, broad scope) (CRS IF12654; GAO-24-107236). Actuals ran below estimates: $24.6M for the whole pilot through FS2024 (IRS-reported; TIGTA says add ~$8.8M of excluded costs), $16M in FY2025 (TIGTA, March 2026). Even the high estimate is ~0.004% of federal outlays.
- Per-return economics: critics correctly note ~$54–$138 per 2025 return depending on whose cost total you use (NTU Foundation computes $138 using a $41M cumulative figure). At 25M users the IRS's own numbers imply ~$10/return — cheaper than the ~$90/return the IRS pays nothing for but taxpayers pay privately. Software has fixed costs; the per-unit argument cuts against the program only while it is kept small — which is what the lobbying accomplished.
- Revenue effects: genuinely uncertain. Pre-population of third-party-reported income shouldn't change evasion much (that income is already matched). Higher EITC/CTC take-up is a real federal outlay increase — on the order of $10B+/year if the unclaimed-credit estimates are right (back-of-envelope; this is money Congress already voted to spend, reaching the people it was voted for). A platform being honest about fiscal cost must count this.
- Net: direct budget cost is small (low hundreds of millions/year, partially offset by IRS processing savings from cleaner e-filed returns — unquantified); the headline benefit — hundreds of dollars and half a workday per household per year — is private savings, not deficit reduction. The plank's "money being stolen" claim is about the $464–546B/year compliance burden, and automation addresses only the simple-filer slice of it. Say so.
The opposition's best case
- "The tax collector shouldn't also be the tax preparer" — Grover Norquist / Americans for Tax Reform (coalition letter to Congress, March 2023; The Hill): the IRS has a vested interest in maximizing collections, so letting it compute your bill creates a conflict of interest. Response: the IRS already computes your liability — that's what document-matching and CP2000 notices are. The question is whether the taxpayer sees the computation before or after filing. Every proposal on the table is opt-in with full taxpayer review, and 36 countries run this without tax authorities systematically overcharging. Concession: the argument has real force in a low-trust environment, and it's why the design must stay opt-in with independent (TIGTA/GAO) audit of the pre-population logic — a mandatory government-computed bill would deserve this objection.
- "Low uptake, high cost" — Treasury's own Report on the Replacement of Direct File (Oct 2, 2025, released Nov 5; required by OBBBA §70607) and NTU Foundation: ~296K users of 30M+ eligible (~1%) at up to $138/return doesn't justify a government program when private free options exist. Response: the program was two filing seasons old, barred from serious marketing, and its costs came in $45M under estimate (TIGTA 2026); Free File — the 20-year-old alternative — plateaued below 3% uptake of a 70%-eligible population (GAO 2022), so "low uptake" condemns the incumbent more than the pilot. Concession: uptake was genuinely modest, and the burden of proof for scaling was real; killing it in year two guaranteed we'll never see the mature-scale numbers.
- "Pre-population fails exactly where the stakes are highest" — Goodman/Lim/Sacerdote/Whitten (NBER 2022) and the Progressive Policy Institute (2020): most returns (52–58%) can't be accurately pre-filled; accuracy is worst for filers with dependents, and EITC eligibility (residency of children) isn't observable from information returns — so automation could misdeliver the very credits it promises. Because the US runs social policy through the tax code, return-free filing can't work here without code simplification. Response: this is an argument for the hybrid design (pre-populate + confirm), not against automation; nobody proposes silently auto-filing EITC claims. Concession: largely correct. Full return-free filing for all Americans requires simplifying the code, and this plank should be described as automating the simple half of returns, not "the IRS does everyone's taxes."
- "Government shouldn't duplicate what the private sector gives away" — Rep. Adrian Smith (R-NE) and industry (statement on suspension of Direct File): Free File and commercial free tiers already serve simple filers at zero cost to government. Response: the private "free" offering is the one a 50-state investigation found was deliberately hidden from search engines and deceptively upsold (4.4M customers, $141M settlement, 2022; FTC deception finding, 2024). A public option is the discipline that makes "free" mean free. Concession: the FTC's order was reportedly vacated by the Fifth Circuit in March 2026 (verify), and post-2019 commercial free tiers are genuinely more available than in the Free File Alliance era.
- "The IRS can't build software" — general IT-execution skepticism (GAO flagged incomplete cost accounting: GAO-24-107236). Response: Direct File is the counterexample — shipped on time, 90%+ satisfaction, costs under estimate — arguably the best-reviewed piece of consumer software the federal government has produced. Concession: the IRS's broader modernization record is poor, and the pilot leaned on outside talent (USDS/GSA detailees) whose costs were under-reported and whose availability isn't guaranteed.
Talking points
- One line: The IRS already has your W-2 — it should fill in your return and let you hit "confirm," like taxpayers in 36 other countries, instead of you paying TurboTax to retype it.
- Thirty seconds: The average American spends 13 hours and about $290 a year filing taxes the IRS could mostly pre-fill — it already receives your W-2s and 1099s. The IRS built exactly that: Direct File. Real people used it — 140,000 in 2024, nearly 300,000 in 2025 — and over 90% rated it excellent. Then it was shut down in November 2025. Restore it, write it into law, and pre-fill the return for the roughly 70 million filers whose returns the government can already complete accurately.
- Two minutes: adds the villain and the honest costs. Intuit and H&R Block — $8 billion a year in combined tax-prep-related revenue — have spent about $103 million lobbying Washington since 2003, hit a record $7.1 million in 2025, the year Direct File died, and previously spent millions in Sacramento to kill California's pre-filled return. For 17 years the IRS was contractually barred from building filing software under a deal with these same companies, who a 50-state investigation caught hiding their free product from Google and upselling 4.4 million low-income filers — a $141 million settlement. The fix is opt-in: pre-filled returns for simple filers, paper or preparer for anyone who prefers. Honest costs: it's roughly $64–250 million a year of IRS budget at scale; tax-prep workers — tens of thousands of seasonal jobs — lose, with no compensation beyond a gradual phase-in; and complex returns (about half) can't be pre-filled until the code itself is simplified. Treasury's own economists say 42–48% of returns could be pre-filled accurately today. That's a hundred million weekends given back.
- (Every figure above traces to the sourced claims in the sections preceding; the $23B/year full-scale savings figure is an advocacy estimate — use "billions per year" unless pressed, then attribute to the Economic Security Project via Sen. Warren's office.)
Open questions
- Exact TIGTA cost accounting: reconcile $16M (FY2025 actual), $24.6M (pilot cumulative), $41M (NTU's cumulative), and the $8.8M excluded costs into one defensible number before the ebook. Read the TIGTA March 2026 report directly (fetch was blocked this pass).
- FTC v. Intuit, Fifth Circuit (March 2026): confirm the vacatur and its grounds; adjust talking points if the deception finding is dead law.
- The $23B/year savings estimate: obtain and check the underlying Economic Security Project methodology (fees + time + unclaimed credits); we currently cite it only through Warren's office and OpenSecrets, which even disagree on annual-vs-decade framing.
- Tax-prep employment: get a real BLS/10-K number for seasonal preparer jobs at risk — the losers row is the least-quantified part of this doc.
- EITC misdelivery risk: what error rate did Direct File's credit flows actually show vs. paid preparers? (Paid-preparer EITC error rates are historically high — if Direct File beats them, argument 3 partially inverts. Find data.)
- What an economist should check first: the Goodman et al. 42–48% accuracy bound — it is load-bearing for the whole "concretely" section — and whether the $64–249M IRS scale-cost estimate survives the pilot actuals.
Sources
- IRS, "Direct File pilot officially closes... 140,803 taxpayers," April 2024. https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/direct-file-pilot-officially-closes-after-more-than-140000-taxpayers-successfully-use-direct-e-filing-system-in-12-states-including-integration-with-4-state-tax-systems — primary.
- IRS, Pub. 5969, "Direct File Pilot Program: Filing Season 2024 After Action Report," 2024. https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p5969.pdf — primary.
- TIGTA, "Direct File Activity for the 2025 Filing Season," March 2026. https://www.tigta.gov/sites/default/files/reports/2026-03/2026408006fr.pdf — primary (report itself not fetched this pass; figures via FedScoop/Accounting Today coverage).
- GAO-22-105236, "IRS Free File Program: IRS Should Develop Additional Options," 2022. https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-105236 — primary.
- GAO-24-107236, "IRS Direct File: Actions Needed during Pilot to Improve Information on Costs and Benefits," 2024. https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-24-107236 — primary.
- CRS IF12654, "IRS Direct File Program: An Overview" (incl. May 2023 IRS Report to Congress cost range $64M–$249M/yr). https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/IF12654 — primary.
- Treasury, "Report on the Replacement of Direct File," Oct 2, 2025 (released Nov 5, 2025; required by OBBBA P.L. 119-21 §70607, $15M appropriation). https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/131/Report-Replacement-of-Direct-File-2025.pdf — primary (fetch blocked this pass; contents via Tax Notes/Federal News Network coverage).
- Goolsbee, Austan, "The Simple Return: Reducing America's Tax Burden Through Return-Free Filing," Brookings Institution, 2006. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/200607goolsbee_pb.pdf — primary (academic).
- Goodman, Lim, Sacerdote & Whitten, "Automatic Tax Filing: Simulating a Pre-Populated Form 1040," NBER Working Paper 30008, 2022 (published National Tax Journal 76:4, 2023). https://www.nber.org/papers/w30008 — primary (academic).
- Tax Foundation, "Tax Compliance Costs the US Economy $546B Annually," 2024. https://taxfoundation.org/data/all/federal/irs-tax-compliance-costs/ — secondary (built on IRS/OMB data).
- NTU Foundation, "Taxpayers Will Spend 7.1 Billion Hours, $464 Billion on Tax Compliance in 2025" (13 hrs / $290 per filer). https://www.ntu.org/foundation/detail/taxpayers-will-spend-71-billion-hours-464-billion-on-tax-compliance-in-2025 — secondary (built on IRS data; NTU opposes Direct File, which strengthens the burden citation).
- OpenSecrets, "Intuit and H&R Block set lobbying records the year Direct File died," April 2026 ($103M since 2003; $7.1M in 2025). https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2026/04/intuit-and-hr-block-set-lobbying-records-the-year-direct-file-died — secondary (built on federal lobbying disclosures).
- OpenSecrets, "TurboTax maker Intuit spent millions in record lobbying blitz," Feb 2024. https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2024/02/turbotax-maker-intuit-spent-millions-in-record-lobbying-blitz-amid-threats-to-tax-prep-industry/ — secondary.
- ProPublica, "The TurboTax Trap" series, 2019–2022. https://www.propublica.org/series/the-turbotax-trap — secondary (investigative; sparked the state and FTC actions).
- Axios, "Intuit agrees to pay $141 million to settle deception claim," May 2022. https://www.axios.com/2022/05/04/intuit-turbotax-141-million-dupe-claim — secondary (settlement is public record).
- Fortune, "After FTC and TurboTax spar over definition of 'free'..." Jan 2024 (FTC final order). https://fortune.com/2024/01/23/ftc-turbotax-free-filing-products-false-advertising-irs/ — secondary. Fifth Circuit vacatur of the order, March 2026 — unverified, seen only in a DC OAG amicus/legal-summary snippet; confirm.
- Tax Policy Center Briefing Book, "What is return-free filing and how would it work?" (36 countries) and "What are prepopulated tax returns?" https://taxpolicycenter.org/briefing-book/what-it-return-free-tax-filing-and-how-would-it-work — secondary.
- Priceonomics, "The Stanford Professor Who Fought the Tax Lobby" (ReadyReturn/Bankman; CA lobbying figures attributed to LA Times). https://priceonomics.com/the-stanford-professor-who-fought-the-tax-lobby/ — secondary; CA dollar figures should be re-verified against LA Times originals before "reviewed" status.
- NPR Planet Money, Episode 760 "Tax Hero," 2017. https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2017/03/22/521132960/episode-760-tax-hero — secondary.
- The Hill, "Conservative coalition takes aim at Biden's IRS-run tax preparation service," 2023 (ATR/Norquist coalition letter). https://thehill.com/business/3912232-conservative-coalition-takes-aim-at-bidens-irs-run-tax-preparation-service/ — secondary.
- Progressive Policy Institute, "Return-Free Filing Won't Fix What's Wrong With America's Tax System," 2020. https://www.progressivepolicy.org/publication/return-free-filing-wont-fix-whats-wrong-with-americas-tax-system/ — secondary (steelman source).
- Warren press release + one-pager, "Direct File Act of 2026," March 2026 ($23B/yr savings estimate; 94% satisfaction). https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-sherman-160-lawmakers-introduce-direct-file-act-to-guarantee-free-easy-tax-filing-for-americans/ — secondary/advocacy.
- Intuit FY2024 results (Consumer Group $4.4B), Aug 2024. https://investors.intuit.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/1202/ — primary (SEC-furnished).
- H&R Block FY24 results ($3.6B revenue), Aug 2024. https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2024/08/15/2931243/0/en/ — primary (company release).
- Marketplace, "Trump administration kills IRS' Direct File. What now?" Nov 2025. https://www.marketplace.org/story/2025/11/12/trump-kills-irs-direct-file-what-now — secondary.
- Nextgov/FCW, "Direct File won't happen in 2026, IRS tells states," Nov 2025. https://www.nextgov.com/digital-government/2025/11/direct-file-wont-happen-2026-irs-tells-states/409309/ — secondary.
- FedScoop, "IRS overestimated Direct File costs last year by $45 million" (TIGTA: $16M actual vs $61.2M estimate), 2026. https://fedscoop.com/irs-cost-to-run-direct-file/ — secondary.
- NTU Foundation, "A Better Way Forward on Tax Filing after the Demise of Direct File" ($138/return computation). https://www.ntu.org/foundation/detail/a-better-way-forward-on-tax-filing-after-the-demise-of-direct-file — secondary (opposition source).
- IRS EITC participation estimate (~20% of eligible don't claim) — unverified this pass; standard IRS figure, confirm at irs.gov/eitc before "reviewed."
- H&R Block seasonal preparer headcount (~60,000+) — unverified; confirm in H&R Block 10-K.
PRA group's take 2026-07-23
This policy is still compelling. Intuit is a vampire squid sucking the blood of the American people.
Intuit and the politicians they buy are super-corrupt. The legistlations might include some sort of public financing of politicians. That is, if politicians refuse donations from accounting firms (like intuit an HR Block) for a ten year period they receive significant public funding.
Next steps:
For each of these ideas, create a new research document and link to that document. This is the most interesting project, becasue of it's simplicity. 1. Should this be its own website / fundraise / attribution loop? → policy-03-ctas.md (answered: yes to its own site, no to fundraising; the demo is the call-to-action, signatures are the metric) 2. How could we set a goal and work backwards? Maybe, write a specific policy / law, and work backwards to getting it passed? 3. Let's talk open source. Is there a way to create an interesting website that is basically a completely free demo implementation of how the IRS website would work if this were implemented? Like, actually spend 500 USD on Fable 5 credits and code a working demo implementation Django website, with technical roadmaps for sharding it out to support 400M Americans? All open source (EKS, PostGreSQL, runnable on stock hardware?) Maybe it even has a built in chatbot - WHY? Inspiration. Maybe, showing that this could be cheaply executed would inspire the massses to rally arround the claim. - WHY THIS PROJECT FIRST? Housing would have a 100X greater impact on America than this policy, so why do this first? Because, if PRA could pass it, it would generate instant legitamacy.